NHC HURDAT2 · SPC Tornado Database
Hurricanes and Tornadoes That Hit Birmingham, AL
Every tropical system within 75 miles since 1851 and every tornado within 25 miles since 1950.
15 tropical systems have passed within 75 miles of Birmingham, Alabama since 1851, 0 of them at hurricane strength; the most recent was Zeta in 2020. Since 1950, 165 tornadoes have touched down within 25 miles, 19 of them rated EF3 or stronger.
- Hurricanes
- 0
- Tropical storms
- 15
- Tornadoes
- 165
- EF3 or stronger
- 19
within 75 mi, since 1851
below hurricane strength
within 25 mi, since 1950
190 deaths in all
Tropical storms and hurricanes near Birmingham
| Year | Storm | Closest | Strength when closest | Peak |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | ZetaOct 29 | 13 mi | Tropical storm (66 mph) | Category 3 |
| 2004 | IvanSep 16 | 3 mi | Tropical storm (40 mph) | Category 5 |
| 1995 | OpalOct 5 | 36 mi | Tropical storm (55 mph) | Category 4 |
| 1985 | JuanNov 1 | 4 mi | Tropical storm (40 mph) | Category 1 |
| 1975 | EloiseSep 23 | 71 mi | Tropical storm (62 mph) | Category 3 |
| 1932 | Unnamed 1932 stormOct 17 | 11 mi | Tropical storm (40 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1916 | Unnamed 1916 stormOct 18 | 44 mi | Tropical storm (56 mph) | Category 2 |
| 1916 | Unnamed 1916 stormJul 8 | 22 mi | Tropical storm (40 mph) | Category 3 |
| 1915 | Unnamed 1915 stormSep 30 | 72 mi | Tropical storm (44 mph) | Category 4 |
| 1912 | Unnamed 1912 stormJun 14 | 49 mi | Tropical storm (44 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1907 | Unnamed 1907 stormSep 22 | 50 mi | Tropical storm (40 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1906 | Unnamed 1906 stormJun 13 | 71 mi | Tropical storm (40 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1892 | Unnamed 1892 stormSep 13 | 23 mi | Tropical storm (40 mph) | Tropical storm |
| 1881 | Unnamed 1881 stormAug 29 | 44 mi | Tropical storm (46 mph) | Category 2 |
| 1879 | Unnamed 1879 stormSep 2 | 74 mi | Tropical storm (39 mph) | Category 3 |
Strength is the sustained wind on the track at the closest point, which is not the wind felt in Birmingham: a hurricane's worst winds sit within a few dozen miles of its centre, and inland cities are usually past that.
Tornadoes within 25 miles of Birmingham
By decade
- 2020s18(3 EF3+)
- 2010s30(5 EF3+)
- 2000s36
- 1990s13(1 EF3+)
- 1980s15
- 1970s27(2 EF3+)
- 1960s14(4 EF3+)
- 1950s12(4 EF3+)
| Date | Rating | Distance | Path | Killed / injured |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 8, 1998 | F5 | 8 mi | 30.3 mi | 32 / 259 |
| Apr 4, 1977 | F5 | 4 mi | 14.7 mi | 22 / 130 |
| Apr 27, 2011 | EF4 | 6 mi | 80.68 mi | 64 / 1500 |
| Apr 15, 1956 | F4 | 4 mi | 21.3 mi | 25 / 200 |
| Apr 27, 2011 | EF4 | 16 mi | 97.33 mi | 22 / 85 |
| Jan 24, 1964 | F4 | 24 mi | 3.3 mi | 10 / 6 |
| Mar 6, 1967 | F4 | 18 mi | 20.9 mi | 2 / 25 |
| Mar 5, 1963 | F4 | 3 mi | 14.9 mi | 0 / 35 |
| Jan 25, 2021 | EF3 | 7 mi | 10.4 mi | 1 / 30 |
| Jan 23, 2012 | EF3 | 8 mi | 15.69 mi | 1 / 75 |
| May 27, 1973 | F3 | 5 mi | 41.6 mi | 1 / 44 |
| May 6, 1967 | F3 | 3 mi | 4.3 mi | 1 / 25 |
The strongest 12 of 165, by rating and then by deaths. Ratings before February 2007 are on the original Fujita scale.
How to read this page
A storm is listed when the centre of its track passed within 75 miles of Birmingham while it was at least a tropical storm, which is the reach of damaging wind and rain for a typical hurricane. Being on the list does not mean the city took a direct hit; the "closest" column says how near the centre came. Tornadoes are counted when any part of the path came within 25 miles.
Tornado records before the 1990s are thinner, because weak tornadoes in open country often went unreported before Doppler radar and mobile phones. A rise in the decade counts is mostly better reporting, not a change in the weather.
Tracks come from the National Hurricane Center's HURDAT2 database, tornadoes from the Storm Prediction Center's database. Both are the official federal records and both are revised as old storms are re-analysed.